In the production of ceramic tableware, a smooth surface is one of the key indicators of product quality. Below are the essential steps and precautions to ensure a smooth surface:

1. Material Selection and Preparation

   • Choose high-quality kaolin, quartz, and feldspar as raw materials to ensure a fine, impurity-free texture.

   • The materials must be carefully screened and thoroughly mixed to ensure uniformity in the body.

2. Shaping Process

   • Use high-precision molds or skilled hand-throwing techniques to ensure regular shapes and smooth surfaces.

   • Inspect the surface of the shaped body and promptly repair any uneven or rough areas.

3. Drying Control

   • The drying process should be slow and even to avoid cracking or deformation caused by rapid drying.

   • Use temperature and humidity control equipment to ensure uniform shrinkage of the body.

4. Trimming and Polishing

   • After drying, the body must be finely trimmed to remove rough edges and uneven surfaces.

   • Use fine sandpaper or polishing tools to further enhance the smoothness of the surface.

5. Glaze Selection and Application

   • Choose fine, fluid glazes to ensure an even and smooth surface after application.

   • Apply the glaze using dipping, spraying, or brushing methods to ensure consistent thickness and avoid bubbles or running.

6. Firing Temperature and Time Control

   • Strictly control the kiln temperature to ensure the glaze fully melts and bonds with the body, creating a smooth surface.

   • Avoid excessively high or low temperatures to prevent defects like orange peel or pinholes.

7. Quality Inspection and Repair

   • After firing, carefully inspect the tableware surface to ensure there are no cracks, bubbles, or uneven areas.

   • Repair minor defects, such as polishing or local re-glazing, to ensure the final product has a smooth surface.

By following these steps and precautions, a smooth surface can be effectively achieved in ceramic tableware production, enhancing both the aesthetic appeal and practicality of the products.